Sure it is : )
Just stick the inline JS in a function and call it when the button is clicked:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="">
<style></style>
</head>
<body>
<button>Click Me</button>
<script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.2.min.js"></script>
<script src="//s3.amazonaws.com/downloads.mailchimp.com/js/signup-forms/popup/embed.js"
data-dojo-config="usePlainJson: true, isDebug: false">
</script>
<script>
function displayPopup(){
require(["mojo/signup-forms/Loader"], function(L){
L.start({
"baseUrl":"mc.us11.list-manage.com",
"uuid":"e4be5c5b3b99ec331319ad930",
"lid":"30ab8a0ef9"
});
});
}
$("button").on("click", displayPopup)
</script>
</body>
</html>
This works for me, although it is worth noting that the code you provide sets a cookie that means that the popup will only display once. If you want it to display more than once, you’ll need to clear that cookie.
HTH