Cron command will look like this:
mysql -u LOGIN -p PASSWORD DATABASE_NAME < /path/to/import.sql
where LOGIN, PASSWORD and DATABASE_NAME are your database credentials and import.sql is the file with your query (LOAD DATA …) inside
To make this work you should know path to site root folder , something like /var/www/site.com (ask hosting support to get correct path). Then you’ll create import.sql and data.csv in that folder (or any subfolder). In the query you’ll change path to the new one:
LOAD DATA INFILE '/var/www/site.com/data.csv' ....
and add command in crontab:
mysql -u LOGIN -p PASSWORD DATABASE_NAME < /var/www/site.com/import.sql