Inclucing JS files at the bottom of the page

I understand that JS files are best to be included at the bottom of the page now (someone noticed it increases speed). I’ve always put them within the <head>.

If this is true, where exactly do I include the JS files?

(1)



-- HERE --
</body>
</html>

(2)



</body>
-- HERE --
</html>

(3)



</body>
</html>
-- HERE --

… I notice that many sites still include the files in the <head>, including apple.com. Also, sitepoint.com has a load of JS going on at the top of the page. Why is this?

Thanks.

Only the first example that you give is legally allowed, which also happens to be the correct place at the end of the body.